Yas Sheet Extrusion
Cov ntawv yas extrusion yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tseem ceeb siv los tsim cov ntawv tiaj tus, txuas ntxiv cov ntawv yas (lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab, thaum thinner) nrog cov tuab tuab, dav, thiab cov khoom nto. Nws hloov cov ntaub ntawv yas raw rau hauv cov ntawv siv tau uas yog lub hauv paus rau cov khoom lag luam suav tsis tau- los ntawm kev ntim khoom (piv txwv li, cov thawv ntim khoom noj, cov thawv ntim khoom ntim) thiab cov ntawv kos npe rau cov khoom siv (xws li da dej enclosures, phab ntsa panels) thiab cov khoom lag luam. Cov txheej txheem cia siab rau melting, shaping, thiab solidifying yas nyob rau hauv ib tug tswj ib theem zuj zus kom ua tiav cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv xav tau. Hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog nws cov khoom tseem ceeb, kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:
1. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb & cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv yas extrusion yog tsimuniform, nruam cov ntawv yasnrog customizable cwj pwm, xws li:
Thickness: Ntau yam ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab nyias (tsawg li 0.01 hli) mus rau cov ntawv tuab (dhau 10 hli), nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Dav: Feem ntau los ntawm ob peb centimeters mus rau ob peb meters (rau cov ntawv loj loj).
Nto tiav: Glossy, matte, textured, los yog embossed (xws li, anti-slip qauv).
Khoom siv: Rigidity, yooj, tshuaj tiv thaiv, lossis UV stability (tsim los ntawm kev xaiv cov yas tshwj xeeb).
Cov plastics uas siv hauv cov txheej txheem suav nrog polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thiab polystyrene (PS)-txhua tus xaiv rau nws qhov sib haum xeeb nrog extrusion thiab cov khoom kawg ntawm kev ua tau zoo.
2. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kab Extrusion
Ib daim ntawv yas extrusion system yog ib qho txuas ntxiv, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov tshuab, nrog rau txhua yam ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim daim ntawv kawg:
Hopper: Ib lub thawv loj uas tuav cov ntaub ntawv yas raw khoom- feem ntau me me pellets (tus qauv pub khoom noj) los yog, tsis tshua muaj, hmoov. Nws pub cov khoom siv rau hauv extruder ntawm tus nqi ruaj khov, tswj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam.
Extruder: Lub "lub plawv" ntawm cov txheej txheem, muaj ib tug ntev, rhuab hlau chim thiab ib tug rotating ntsia hlau nyob rau hauv. Lub hau ntswj ua peb lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb:
Xa cov yas pellets rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub thoob.
Siv cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob (ntawm kev sib hloov) thiab cua sov (los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab nraud) kom yaj cov yas rau hauv homogeneous, viscous "melt."
Lub tsev siab los thawb cov yas molten mus rau qhov tuag.
Tuag: Ib lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb hlau nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntawm extruder uas muab cov yas molten nws pib tiaj tus. Feem ntau tuag rau daim ntawv extrusion yog aT- tuag(npe rau nws T-zoo li tus channel sab hauv):
Molten yas nkag mus rau hauv qhov tuag lub hauv paus channel, ces kis tusyees tawm sab nraud los ntawm ob sab channel (tus "caj npab" ntawm T) los ua ib daim ntawv dav.
Qhov qhib qhov tuag yog raug ntsuas kom meej los tswj daim ntawv qhov dav thiab thawj qhov tuab - tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj kev sib luag ntawm cov khoom kawg.
Calendering Rolls (los yog Chill Rolls): Tam sim ntawd tom qab tawm hauv qhov tuag, qhov tseem - mos, molten ntawv hla dhau ib txheej ntawm 2-4 txias, polished hlau yob. Cov rolls no:
Nias daim ntawv los kho nws cov tuab (squeezing tawm cov khoom ntau dhau kom ua tau raws li cov lus qhia meej).
Txias cov yas molten sai, solidifying nws mus rau hauv ib daim ntawv nruj los yog saj zawg zog (nyob ntawm seb hom yas thiab txias npaum li cas).
Impart nto tiav: Smooth rolls tsim glossy nplooj ntawv, thaum textured rolls tsim matte los yog patterned nto (xws li, anti-slip textures).
Puller Rolls: Tom qab calendering, ib txheej ntawm motorized puller yob maj mam rub lub solidified daim ntawv rau pem hauv ntej ntawm ib tug zoo sib xws ceev. Qhov no ua rau daim ntawv tawv, tuav nws cov duab, thiab ua kom muaj kev txav mus los ntawm qhov seem ntawm kab - tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo lossis ncab.
Trimmer / Slitter: Daim ntawv txuas ntxiv feem ntau muaj qhov tsis sib xws (lub npe hu ua "flash") los ntawm qhov tuag. Trimmers txiav cov npoo no tawm, thiab cov slitters tuaj yeem faib cov ntawv dav ntxiv rau hauv cov yob nqaim (piv txwv li, txiav 2-meter- daim ntawv dav rau hauv 50 cm-dav yob) raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.
Cua: Thaum kawg, daim ntawv trimmed, slit yog mob mus rau cov cores loj los tsim cov yob. Lub winder tswj nro kom ntseeg tau tias cov yob yog nruj thiab txawm, tsis txhob creases lossis xoob txheej uas tuaj yeem ua rau daim ntawv puas.
3. Kauj Ruam -los ntawm - Kauj Ruam Ua Haujlwm
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntawv yas extrusion yog tas mus li (ntau lub Hoobkas khiav nws 24/7) thiab ua raws li cov kab sib txuas:
Kev Npaj Pub: Raw yas pellets-feem ntau tov nrog additives xws li colorants, UV stabilizers, los yog tej yam modifiers - yog loaded rau hauv lub hopper. Lub hopper tuaj yeem suav nrog lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws kom tshem tawm cov dej noo, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov yas xws li PET lossis PVC (cov dej noo tuaj yeem ua npuas hauv daim ntawv kawg yog tias tsis muab tshem tawm).
Melting & Conveying: Lub extruder lub hau ntswj tig, rub cov pellets los ntawm lub hopper mus rau hauv lub thoob rhuab. Raws li cov pellets txav mus rau pem hauv ntej, lawv tau yaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub raj cua sov (teeb tsa rau cov yas melting point -xws li, ~ 160℃rau PP, ~ 260℃rau PET) thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm cov ntsia hlau. Cov ntsia hlau tsim (tapered los yog segmented) kom cov yas melts tusyees, tsis muaj lumps los yog inconsistencies.
Shaping via Die: Cov yas molten raug yuam los ntawm T- tuag nyob rau hauv siab. Tus tuag txoj hauv kev faib cov yas sib npaug thoob plaws nws qhov dav, tsim kom muaj lub tiaj tus, txuas ntxiv "web" ntawm cov khoom molten.
Calendering & Txias: Lub vev xaib molten tam sim ntawd nkag mus rau calendering yob. Cov yob txias txias no nias lub vev xaib mus rau qhov xav tau tuab thiab txias sai sai - txwv tsis pub cov yas los ntawm deforming thiab xauv hauv nws lub tiaj tus. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov yob (xws li, 3-yob lossis 4-yob tshuab) nyob ntawm daim ntawv thickness thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Rub & Trimming: Puller rolls kos daim ntawv khov kho rau pem hauv ntej ntawm qhov nrawm sib phim rau lub extruder cov zis (kom tsis txhob ncab lossis sagging). Trimmers ces txiav tawm cov npoo tsis sib xws, thiab slitters (yog tias xav tau) faib cov ntawv rau hauv qhov dav dav.
Cua: Cov ntawv tiav tau raug mob rau hauv cov cores los ua cov yob, uas yog tom qab ntawd ntim thiab xa mus rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv (xws li, luam ntawv, txiav rau hauv cov duab) lossis siv ncaj qha.
4. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv yas Extrusion
Ua haujlwm siab: Raws li cov txheej txheem tas mus li, nws ua rau kev tsim khoom loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj ntawm tus nqi qis rau ib chav tsev -zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov siab -.
Customizability: Los ntawm kev hloov kho qhov loj me, lub calender yob chaw, hom yas, thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv, cov tuam ntxhab tuaj yeem tsim cov nplooj ntawv nrog cov tuab tuab, dav, xim, thiab kev ua tau zoo (xws li, tshuaj tiv thaiv, yooj yim) kom phim cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb.
Kev sib raug zoo: Cov txheej txheem tswj hwm tus kheej ua kom muaj qhov sib txawv me me ntawm cov tuab thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw thoob plaws tag nrho daim ntawv - tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv thov xws li ntim khoom lossis cov ntawv ntim khoom lag luam, qhov tseem ceeb sib xws.
Ntau yam: Nws ua haujlwm nrog ze li ntawm tag nrho cov thermoplastics, ua rau nws haum rau ntau hom kev lag luam, nrog rau kev ntim khoom, kev tsim kho, tsheb, thiab kev kho mob.
5. Kev siv ntau
Cov ntawv yas extruded yog ubiquitous hauv lub neej txhua hnub thiab kev lag luam, nrog rau kev siv tseem ceeb suav nrog:
Ntim: Cov hnab ntim tshuaj rau cov tshuaj, cov tais zaub mov, cling zaj duab xis (cov ntawv nyias PE), thiab cov ntawv PET rau cov ntawv sau lub raj mis.
Kev tsim kho: PVC ntawv rau da dej da dej, polycarbonate ntawv rau skylights, thiab PP ntawv rau ib ntus phab ntsa.
Kos npe & Graphics: PET los yog PVC ntawv rau sab hauv tsev / sab nraum zoov cov paib, banners, thiab zaub boards.
Kev lag luam: Thick high -density polyethylene (HDPE) sheets for chemical tanks, and polyester sheets for checker machine labels.
